Shahid Beheshti University International Journal of New Political Economy 3060-6233 7 1 2026 04 01 A Fuzzy Analytical Framework for Examining the Effects of Demographic Variables, Human Development, and Employment on Sustainability 205 240 106736 10.48308/jep.2026.242773.1253 EN Reza Ashraf Ganjoei Assistant Professor, Economics Department, Faculty of Economics and Management, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran. Mahboobeh Khadem Nematollahy PHD of Econometrics, Economics Faculty. Allameh Tabatabai University of Tehran, Iran Abbas Shakeri Professor, Economics Faculty. Allameh Tabatabai University of Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2025 12 04 This study examines sustainability in BRICS countries (Brazil, China, Egypt, India, Iran, Russia, and South Africa) by analyzing the interaction of key capitals—natural, human, social, technological, and cultural—and the growing importance of human consciousness in shaping sustainability outcomes over the period from 1993 to 2024. Using a fuzzy logic methodology, the study explores the relationship between natural resource rents (% of GDP) and variables such as population, education, employment, health, and energy intensity. The results show that human capital, especially education and social awareness, is the most influential driver of sustainability. For instance, education in China (6.85) and Energy intensity level in Egypt (5.42) demonstrate strong impacts, while health expenditure in Iran (4.81) also plays a key role. These findings indicate that enhancing education, health, and cultural awareness strengthens mental adaptability, innovation, and collective decision-making. Fuzzy logic effectively manages uncertainty and complexity in policymaking, confirming that advancing human consciousness through education and health investment is vital for sustainable development. Ultimately, human choice, guided by awareness and values, determines the sustainability trajectory of BRICS nations. https://jep.sbu.ac.ir/article_106736_1c348bad58fdceacf724c86effa54312.pdf